Calculators
Apfel PONV Score
Estimate post-operative nausea & vomiting risk and choose prophylaxis intensity.
Score = number of risk factors present (0–4)
Score
0 / 4
PONV risk ≈10%
Recommendation
No prophylaxis or single agent if cost-effective.
References & Further Reading
- 1Journal
Apfel CC, Läärä E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesiology. 1999;91(3):693-700.
- 2Journal
Apfel CC, Korttila K, Abdalla M, et al. A factorial trial of six interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (IMPACT). N Engl J Med. 2004;350(24):2441-2451.
Citations are provided to direct further study. Always check the most current edition of guidelines and society recommendations — the information in this chapter is a teaching summary, not primary source material.